Nhau - Chibvumirano cheUS-EU Reach Framework pa15% Benchmark Tariff, Chichidzivirira Kuwedzera kweHondo yeKutengeserana Kwepasi Pose

I. Zviri Muchibvumirano Chepakati uye Mashoko Akakosha

US neEU vakasvika pachibvumirano chehurongwa musi wa27 Chikunguru 2025, vachiti zvinhu zvinotengeswa neEU kuUS zvichashandisa mutero we15% zvakaenzana (tisingabatanidzi mutero wepamusoro-soro uripo), zvichibudirira kudzivirira mutero we30% wekurangwa pakutanga wakarongerwa musi wa1 Nyamavhuvhu. Chibvumirano ichi chinofukidza zvinhu zvakawanda zvemaindasitiri, kusanganisira mota, asi chinoshandisa nzira yakasiyana yemutero:

Zvigadzirwa zvesimbi nearuminiyamu zvinochengetedza mutero wakakwira we50% (kuchinjira kune system yequota mune ramangwana);

Zvikamu zvakakosha zvakaita sendege nezvikamu, midziyo ye semiconductor, uye zvigadzirwa zvekurima zvakasarudzwa hazvina muripo wekubhadhara.

EU yakazvipirawo kutenga mari inosvika mabhiriyoni mazana manomwe nemakumi mashanu emadhora ($750 bhiriyoni) yesimba reUS (LNG nemafuta enyukireya) mumakore matatu, kuwedzera mari inosvika mabhiriyoni mazana matanhatu emadhora mukudyara kweUS, uye kuvhura zvizere misika yayo yemaindasitiri kuUS.

II. Zvinokonzera Kukurukurirana uye Kukosha Kwekuchinjana

Chibvumirano ichi inyaya yezvematongerwo enyika umo US yakashandisa kutyisidzira kwemitero kuti iwane zvibvumirano zvehurongwa kubva kuEU. Nekuda kwekushomeka kwekutengeserana kwezvinhu zveUS-EU kwemadhora mabhiriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi matatu nemashanu muna 2024, hurumende yaTrump yakatyisidzira mitero ye50% muna Chivabvu kuti imanikidzire hurukuro, zvichimanikidza EU kuti ibvumirane isati yasvika nguva yekupedzisira yaNyamavhuvhu 1. EU yakatengesa kutenga simba (ichitsiva kuvimba neRussia), yakawedzera kutenga kwemauto, uye zvibvumirano zvekudyara ne15% rate (iri nani pane 30% asi iri pasi pechinangwa chayo chemitero yezero), ukuwo US yakachengetedza maindasitiri makuru kuburikidza nemazita emitero yezero. Kusawirirana kuchiripo pamitero yezvinhu zvakaita sedoro nemishonga yegeneric, nemitero yesemiconductor neyemishonga ichizosarudzwa zvakasiyana zvichibva pane zvakabuda mukuferefeta kweChikamu 232 mukati memavhiki maviri.

III. Mhedzisiro Inotevera uye Njodzi Dzingangoitika

Kunyange zvazvo ichideredza kusawirirana kwekutengeserana kwenguva pfupi, chibvumirano ichi chinodyara njodzi huru nhatu:

Kusava nechokwadi kwekushandiswa: Kusanzwisisika kwehuwandu hwezvigadzirwa zve zero-tariff uye shanduko yemutengo wesimbi zvinogona kukonzera kusawirirana;

Kushamisika Kwemaindasitiri: Mutengo we15% uchawedzera mitengo yemakambani anogadzira mota muEurope (aimbova neavhareji ye1.2%), zvichideredza kukwikwidzana kwemitengo kwemakambani madiki nemadiki;

Maitiro Ekubatana: Mubatanidzwa wemitero yeUS-EU unogona kukurumidzisa kupatsanuka kwekutengeserana kwepasi rose, kunyanya kumanikidza hupfumi hweChina neAsia-Pacific (Taiwan, South Korea, India, Vietnam) huri kutarisana nehurukuro dzemitero yeUS-China musi waNyamavhuvhu 12. Vatsoropodzi veEurope vanoshora chibvumirano ichi vachiti chinoratidza "kusarongeka kweUS-EU," izvo zvinogona kuderedza kuvimbana kwenguva refu kwehupfumi hwetransatlantic.

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